Spinal Fusion Surgery :-

Spinal fusion is also known as spondylodesis or spondylosyndesis. This condition is a neurosurgical or orthopedic surgical technique that joins two or more vertebrae. It can be treated and performed at any level in the spine. At places like cervical, thoracic, or lumbar as well which might prevent any movement between the fused vertebrae?

There are many types of spinal fusion and each technique involves using bone grafting either from the patient (autograft), the donor (allograft), or artificial bone substitutes to help the bones heal together. Additional hardware (screws, plates, or cages) is often used to hold the bones in place while the graft fuses the two vertebrae together.

What can be the various types of Spine Fusion Surgery?

There is more than one type of surgery that is offered under this treatment section. It usually depends on which part of it will the surgery take place. Some of the common ones are as follows:

• Lumbar fusion
• Cervical fusion
• Thoracic fusion

Also, the spine fusion surgery happens in two-level, level one where it stops at some defined spinal vertebrae and level two where it goes further!

Scoliosis :-

It is a medical condition in which a person’s spine has a sideways curve. There are usually two kinds of shapes of the spine in this condition that is “S” or “C” shaped. Sometimes, the degree of curve is stable, while in others, it increases over time. Mild scoliosis does not typically cause problems, while severe cases can interfere with breathing. Typically, no pain is present.

The treatment depends on the degree of curve, location, and cause. It can include bracing or surgery. The braces must be fitted to the person and used daily until growing stops.

How does the treatment go?

What kind of treatment you will go through depends on the severity of the particular condition. In most cases, proper surgery is needed. In other cases, regular exercises can do great help. For adults, treatment usually focuses on relieving any pain, Painkilling medication, Bracing, Surgery.

Spine Tumor :-

This is similar to the idea of what a tumor is. It is an abnormal mass of tissue within or surrounding the spinal cord as well as the spinal column. There are multiplication and uncontrollable growth of these cells. They are unchecked by the mechanisms that control normal cells.

Spinal tumors can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Primary tumors originate in the spine or spinal cord, and metastatic or secondary tumors result from cancer spreading from another site to the spine.

Are there groups of tumors?

Yes, there are three specific groups of tumors, Intradural-Extramedullary, Intramedullary and Extradural:

In the case of Intradural-Extramedullary, it a very common tumor and tumors develop in the spinal cords arachnoid membrane (meningiomas), in the nerve roots that extend out from the spinal cord.

Intramedullary is a tumor growing inside the spinal cord, most frequently occurring in the cervical (neck) region. It is rare, these are congenital tumors most commonly located in the thoracic spinal cord.

Extradural, on the other hand, are lesions are typically attributed to metastatic cancer or schwannomas derived from the cells covering the nerve roots.

Spinal Decompression :-

Spinal decompression is a surgical procedure intended to remove the pressure on the spinal cord. It can be also from the nerve roots passing through or exiting the spinal column. Decompression of the spinal neural elements is a key component in treating spinal radiculopathy, myelopathy, and claudication.

What are the types of treatments available?

You might be able to get a good amount of treatment, based on which portion of the spine are we trying to treat. Here are some of those you can find.

• Microdiscectomy
• Lumbar Laminectomy
• Corpectomy
• Laminotomy
• Foraminotomy

Along with this, there are other variations that include:

• Three level Posterior Decompression and instrumentation/ stabilization/ fusion
• Two level Posterior Decompression and instrumentation/ stabilization/ fusion
• Single level Posterior Decompression and instrumentation/ stabilization/ fusion

Minimally invasive spine :-

In general, the goal of the minimally invasive spine (MIS) surgery is to stabilize the vertebral bones and spinal joints and/or relieve the pressure being applied to the spinal nerves — often a result of conditions such as spinal instability, bone spurs, herniated discs, scoliosis or spinal tumors.

What are the conditions treated with this method?

Here is a list of conditions that can be well treated with the help of the mentioned treatment procedure:

• Degenerative disc disease
• Herniated disc
• Lumbar spinal stenosis
• Spinal deformities such as scoliosis
• Spinal infections
• Spinal instability including spondylolisthesis
• Vertebral compression fractures
• Spinal tumors

The benefits of the treatment are also kept in mind. You have lesser blood loss and you can be prevented from any kind of muscle damage. The better and lesser time required in getting from this particular treatment.

Artificial Spine Lumbar Disc Replacement :-

In such treatment, the cushioning of the spine is assured. This inserted disk between the vertebrae works like cushions to allow the vertebrae to rotate and move without the bones rubbing against each other.

The lumbar vertebrae and disks can be found at the spine end. Lumbar disk replacement involves replacing a worn or degenerated disk in the lower part of your spine with an artificial disk made of metal or a combination of metal and plastic.

What are the outcomes of this treatment?

Most patients can expect an improvement of lower back pain and disability in weeks to months following surgery. Studies show that disk replacement improves, but does not completely eliminate pain. Before your surgery, it is important to talk with your surgeon about realistic expectations for pain relief.

Cervical Spine Surgery Treatment :-

It is a surgery to remove any degenerative disc in the neck. An incision is made in the throat area to reach and remove the disc. A graft is inserted to fuse together the bones above and below the disc.

After the disc is removed, the space between the bony vertebrae is empty. In order to not let the vertebrae collapse and rubbing together, a spacer bone graft is inserted to fill the open disc space. The graft serves as a bridge between the two vertebrae to create a spinal fusion. The bone graft and vertebrae are fixed in place with metal plates and screws.

The Nonsurgical and Surgical Treatment :-

There is a set of surgical and non-surgical that can opt for in case you go for a particular treatment.

• Rest and/or activity modification.
• Pain management.
• Physical therapy.
• Behavioral changes

In the case of Surgical Treatment, you have options like:

• Autograft Bone
• Allograft Bone
• Bone graft

Spinal Cord Surgery :-

Myelopathy is an injury to the spinal cord due to severe compression that may result from trauma, congenital stenosis, degenerative disease or disc herniation. The spinal cord is a group of nerves housed inside the spine that runs almost its entire length.

What are the types of Myelopathy?

Cervical Myelopathy :-

Cervical myelopathy occurs in the neck and is the most common form of myelopathy. Neck pain is one of the symptoms of cervical myelopathy, but not all patients experience it.

Thoracic Myelopathy :-

Thoracic myelopathy occurs in the middle region of the spine. The spinal cord in this area typically gets compressed due to bulging or herniated discs, bone spurs, or spinal trauma.

Lumbar Myelopathy :-

Lumbar myelopathy is a rare condition because, in most people, the spinal cord ends in the top section of the lumbar spine. However, if the spinal cord is low-lying or tethered, it can be affected by lumbar myelopathy.

Single level TLIF/ PLIF (with Cage) :-

Spinal fusion is a technique used to stabilize the spinal bones or vertebrae. The goal of lumbar fusion is to create a solid bridge of bone between two or more vertebrae. Spinal fusion may be recommended when the natural disc space has decreased or the spine is unstable. Lumbar spinal fusion refers to back surgery during which two or more vertebral segments of the spine are fused together.

What are the conditions that can be cured with help of this particular treatment?

There are a number of conditions like the following which can be easily treated with help of this particular treatment:

• Chronic low back pain
• Lumbar radiculopathy with disc prolapse and recurrent disc herniation/li>
• Lumbar canal stenosis
• Lumbar spondylolisthesis
• Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis
• Scoliosis, kyphosis
• Degenerative disc disease
• Spinal tumors
• Vertebral fractures
• Scheuermann’s disease